The social security system within the framework of the social relief system

The social security system within the framework of the social relief system in the United Kingdom to establish an official. National relief under the law to determine the National Insurance Department of the National Bureau of relief for all types of social relief affairs agencies will be unable to participate in social insurance, do not have the qualifications to receive social security benefits, as well as to continue to have lost their eligibility to receive social security benefits Defined as those who target relief and to establish a national standard to the specific relief. The Act also provides that the National Relief Council approved the expenditure of funds by the shoulder; access to the national relief on the condition that the individual is not able to solve their basic needs; national relief in the implementation process require applicants to the household income survey . Since then, with the UK's economic and social development, national relief system has been revised several times, mainly to gradually raise the standard of relief.

After the relief of poverty in modern Britain A Brief History of the development of the system

As early as 1536, Britain enacted the "Henry Poor Law," which marks the start of the British Government to address the social problem of poverty must bear the responsibility. Britain in 1601 promulgated the history of the famous "Elizabeth Poor Law," the official establishment of a government relief for the poor. This is the first to the European system of poor countries, but also opened up a modern social assistance system of precedent. The law for the first time the government has officially confirmed that those unable to work to help the poor, help the poor children to do the apprenticeship, to the able-bodied person to provide, as well as the minimum standard of living of the poor security in areas such as the responsibilities and obligations. The Act provides funds to poor households to pay a fixed amount of tax-based, more affluent areas would be provided with tax subsidies for poverty-stricken areas. The Act will also be divided into three types of clients, be treated differently. Through the establishment of the Diocese of poor supervision and poor parish officials and the Commission, the establishment of institutions of the poor, to study the poor, orphans and poor organization to study the measures to carry out relief lobby. In 1834, the British Government enacted a new law on the whole to continue the relief of poverty, "the old Poor Law" in the framework of the content, but the poor will be re-distributed by the concentration of power, the poor will be the way of relief from home (outside relief) to hospital relief .

In the late nineteenth century, the United Kingdom's socio-economic development of the traditional to the Poor Law as the core of the poverty relief system has been difficult to effectively address the increasingly complex social problems. As a result, to social security as the core of the new social security system in the United Kingdom to begin the creation of (its logo for the 1908 UK pension law and in 1911 the National Insurance Law promulgated), the traditional system for the poor this step by step "back seat" Become a new social security system, a useful complement.

In 1948, the British Government has promulgated and implemented the National Relief Act, and formally replaced its continued.

Britain's system for the poor and their development experience

As the longest history of a social phenomenon, poverty is the economic, social and cultural poverty of the general term for the phenomenon. First of all, it refers to the economic aspects of material life of poverty, that is, in substance, or lack of resources in a situation of deprivation, which can not meet the typical characteristics of the basic needs of life. According to the different levels of poverty, poverty can be divided into absolute poverty and relative poverty in two broad categories. The absolute poverty (also known as the survival of poverty), refers to a certain social modes of production and way of life, individuals and families rely on their labor income and other legitimate income could not sustain their basic survival needs, that is what we normally The "hungry, clothing Zheti not, do not live in sheltered cold". And compared with developed countries, developing countries today face the problem of poverty is the main problem is poverty. As the world's most populous and large developing country with uneven development, not only in our country for a long period of history will be relatively widespread poverty, but so far there are still outstanding issues in absolute poverty. According to the Poverty Alleviation Office of the State Council in September 2006 to the latest information released by the end of 2005 China's population is still living in absolute poverty 23,650,000, if the reference to "abject poverty" of international standards, our daily income of less than 1 U.S. dollars of the population is more than 100,000,000 .

For a long time living in absolute poverty are problems of human social and economic development of the "stumbling block" and thus anti-poverty today remains the world's top priority. Anti-poverty in human history, the Western countries in modern times to carry out before and after a considerable relief of poverty. These government-led, anti-poverty establishment of the social relief system of absolute poverty and their families given financial or material assistance to ensure that they maintain a basic living condition of the country, the most representative of the United Kingdom.

Poor British system of absolute poverty relief in China Legislation

Intractable poverty and helping the poor is the sustainability of the overall situation of building a comprehensive well-off event. State relief for the poor bear the primary responsibility for the content of relief with a comprehensive and integrated management at different levels such as the British system, poor design and choice for our country in absolute poverty relief legislation properly handle the relief of absolute poverty, Object scope of the relief standard The identification, selection and the main system raising relief funds, such as key technology issues provided a lesson.

In the March 2006 meeting of the "two sessions" period, according to the "Legal Daily" and other media reported that concern to our community, as early as 2003 have been included in the legislation plan of the 10th National People's Congress, "Social Relief Law" by Organization of the drafting of the Ministry of Civil Affairs. China and the general social assistance, including poverty relief and disaster relief aspects of the two. This shows that China's large poor and the weak social groups, especially the more than 2300 million people living in absolute poverty relief that finally the issue on the national level, the basic legislation, began to enter China's high-level public decision-making horizons. Against this background, learn from Western countries, poverty relief system design and legislative success, combined with China's actual situation of absolute poverty from the perspective of academic research on China's absolute poverty relief legislation put forward the idea of the theory is an important Theoretical innovation and practical reference value.